Study conducted by Sebastien Betermier (McGill University), Laurent Calvet (EDHEC Business School), Jens Kvaerner (Tilburg University)

Study conducted by Fabio C. Bagliano (Turin University & CeRP (Collegio Alberto)), R. Corvino (Cass Business School), Carolina Fugazza (Turin University & CeRP (Collegio Alberto)) and Giovanna Nicodano (Turin University & CeRP (Collegio Alberto) and Netspar)

Study realised by Axel Börsch-Supan, Alexander Ludwig and Mathias Sommer from the Mannheim Research Institute for the Economics of Aging (MEA) for the OEE and the Fonds de Réserve pour les Retraites (FFR)